University of Arizona Medical School, Tucson, Arizona, USA discovered that Myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke are the first and third leading causes of death in the U.S.A. accounting for more than 1 in 3 deaths per annum. Despite interventional and pharmaceutical advances, the number of people diagnosed with heart disease is on the rise. Therefore, new clinical strategies are needed. Cell-based therapy holds great promise for treatment of these diseases and is currently under extensive preclinical as well as clinical trials. The source and types of stem cells for these clinical applications are questions of great interest. Human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) appears to be a logical candidate as a source of cells. hUCB is readily available, and presents little ethical challenges. Stem cells derived from hUCB are multipotent and immunologically naive. So, hUCB can be used to treat myocardial infraction and stroke and for this identification to get it in practice clinical trials are going on and soon results will be found.